Page 18 - Industrial Plants

additional services needed to maintain grid stability, dominated the market, because of flexibility,
managing frequency, voltage, and short circuit reducing costs and the speed at which they can
levels. Batteries enable renewables to deploy at respond to operational signals. The applications of
scale by adding the final, key ingredient to zero- batteries in wide range of key services are shown in
carbon energy systems: the SECURITY OF SUPPLY. Fig 4. Services can be stacked together to provide
The energy storage technologies have been multi-value streams for battery storage. Storage
highlighted as a fundamental technology for the systems with suitable digital controller are
resilience of the grid and for the continuity of fundamental for the energy transition (for energy
electricity supply. efficiency and security point), since they can provide:
• Power-Intensive services: short discharging
“The energy storage technologies cycles (seconds, minutes) that can ensure
are fundamental for the resilience of security and inertia to the power system,
the grid and for the continuity contributing to rapid frequency regulation (Fast
of electricity supply Frequency Reserve).
• Energy-Intensive services: long discharging
Another important aspect is that Storage solutions cycles (hours) leading to load shifting
have relatively low lead times compared to upgrading (supporting the high residual load) and
of transmission and distribution (T&D) grids. As a reduction of grid congestions.
result, there is increasing investment interest in
these technologies. Several applications that energy Both applications result important: the first one to
storage can fulfil can also be performed by alternative cope with the progressive loss of inertia in the
infrastructure, such as demand response, power system, the second one to manage the increasing
plant retrofits, smart-grid measures that enhance fluctuations as a function of weather conditions.
power networks and other technologies that Regarding the energy-intensive services, their
improve grid flexibility. contribution to the electrical system will become
In any case Storage is one of the main tools for more and more important with the increasing
Flexibility. renewable capacity, that, in some hours during
certain days, already exceeds the actual electricity
Digital Smart Storage is the solution demand (i.e. mid day PV over-generation). As a
for many applications matter of fact, where suitable storage systems are
In terms of Energy Storage, Batteries have not available “in the bottle neck of congestion”, the

Fig 4 - View of the
most key services
provided by Storage
ON-GRID and OFF
-GRID

IndustrIal Plants - May 2022
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